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24 THE JEWISH QUARTERLY REVIEW
EGYPTIAN FRAGMENTS. II 1 .
A.
This fragment, containing the last twenty verses, had
altogether seventy-six verses, as we see at the end. It
is a kind of holy r6a», provided with vowel-points and
accents in red, analogous to the scroll of the Hasmoneans
(see Harkavy, in his D\JiB*r6 |1"DT, Part V, p. 207, and
J. Q. R. IV, 493)-
It seems that the first sixty-one contained the religious
preamble without historical data. Verses 62-70 relate the
following historical fact : " And it was in the days of the
king, who is called our master, Hadan b e Omer-El, who
ruled over the land of Egypt, and in all the corners of the
earth, west and east, north and south. His kingdom was
exalted and strengthened, and his throne was higher than
the throne of his fathers and forefathers. Thirteen years
old was he when he began to reign, and he carried on his
government with largeness of heart and a good understand-
ing, and needed neither minister nor counsellor. Many
plots were made against him, and many enemies rose up
against him, but God made them to fall under the soles
of his feet : because he loved righteousness and hated
iniquity, and set up judges in the land and commanded
them to judge and decide in equity and truth. He took
away the violent men and removed the foolish : he rejected
them that pervert their way and are corrupt in their doings.
But he loved men of understanding, and to establish judg-
ment and the way of goodness." The sense of the subsequent
lines is not clear. Perhaps it means that Hakim created
1 See The Jewish Quarterly Review, vol. VIII, p. 541.
EGYPTIAN FRAGMENTS 25
prisons and workhouses, and that he had the Nile regulated
by dams.
ViT 1 jDWtan dwaan lpviyn ntswa waai Jim nnro iy w ma 1
tpvy ba flb nooi nni> ban maW matron dvnya cnta dy
mjn Disatw nui nra n dyi> wan bto nta bai : dnan $>xi
* i>t« D1W31 d-npa ini -in ^aai : d«n py idid dnar i>y nit6m
hddw D^na dwa Dnb n^s ,, 'i cstb^o [pn]b dV dm[no> , ni>K
nni3N nna |yoi> :^oi ita $>a ^ya tavern dni> fn^ d^oa an
{Dnnsty nnan Tibbi Dawn ton -«?n lrnin jyoh
cnso psa "jhcn ta-wtfsa fin wans tnpan i^on wa w
ptnm iniata naani c^ai pava rntei aiym pan maas ^woni
nae> mcy n^ p :vnuN niaw vnias nd3»d inds dt ,, i pwni 2
Twzb T>va sh be aitaai 3^ anna nataon b na awi 13^3 n<n
d^nta d^i vby i»p d^np noai v6y wp dneip noa :j>yv6 n^
pN3 d^Daic noyi yen sam pTi 3ns ^ ;yD^ :v6a"> niaa nnn
id ,| 'i Don'^ax ns pTm :noN dbe>d taistph pns p pi> dw
^ac tid ns antw :^ya?a naai i"n 'aboo na ayn^i jin tio ns
dny 3^1 pnv^ inan« ann w :aion -pi nsi oa^on arc? nxi
"jta ba zb by nby t6 "itw rM '•omwh mWah imai? d^acsa
: matpei v^a din Dn^yo 3 [p]s '•a i>ai> jnvi : pt&p 5>a ma imp n^i
■'ay <"vdn nmna «js on-nwo dSd 11 -ib>k bno wn nnina da
ba xa uijr iwity iva bo wns nnyi : d!?n3 >nn3 yna 1 " nsyx l>rai
inpi nmn 3^ n3^i iyaan da^am ^y daa3^ ww wnnN *nb« *
dn ,, a3i' da ,, a3i da ,, a3i' nnadi d^a^a^y naa mctJi dnt •nar :idid
yn in-'Dn iann iam n^ntm nmn la^nfi] uib> :nriN ->iii» dn ,, a3i?
i^n [i>a] "6i»an ^>a inancn i>si da^^yoi da^am u^nfi] ^yon
-iDi wn^N w ' iaa nN ^s* ^D''' , iK>to 13 nnon siiai voma tataa
\yftbi d^aiCNi nna tyio^i nias nna jyoh ide> }yo^ layE^M lams
naityoi T«ao la'nbx , " da> nt :n^a nicy ^a nxr da pjni nnoan
vnit6[D3] ifx DTwa nvah cohy vahyh onn "vn^ d^iy nyi nyn
lmDDn lninaty ini^n jiddd 4 levy manai nT>aa ia^s vma^noi
© jiTi^n d/iyb ^ nDNi non ia^y naa ^
piDa Vy iTplDB d13D
] Fol. i, recto. 2 Fol. i, verso. 3 Fol. 2, recto. 4 Fol. 4, verso.
26 THE JEWISH QUARTERLY REVIEW
There can be no doubt that Hadan b e Omer-El is identical
with the King of Egypt, named Al-Hakim bi-Omr-AUah,
who reigned from a.d. 996 to 1021. This is the opinion
of my friends Profs. De Goeje (Leiden), Briinnow (emeritus
Heidelberg), and D. S. Margoliouth (Oxford). The last had
hit the right point in saying that pn is a Hebrew transla-
tion of Al-Hakim. Ibn Al-Athir says that Al-Hakim came to
the throne at the age of eleven years and five months, the
Hebrew document says thirteen years. I suppose the
Hebrew date, as by a contemporary, is here more reliable
than the Arabic historians. The Arabic documents do not
mention that Hakim was at one time favourable to the
Jews, possibly this favour did not last long. Hakim,
indeed, it is said, treated the Jews badly.
B.
The following document x contains a letter by R. Nissim,
sent by R. Menahem ben Eliyahu, and is written in the form
of a roll on both sides, damaged in some places, which we
have marked with .... It seems to refer to the first crusade
in which the Germans acted a special rdle (p. 27, 1. ]6), as
well as the French (p. 27, 1. 20), who went to Salonica (p. 27,
1. 26) and Constantinople (p. 27, 1. 21). Tobiah (p. 28, 1. 3)
is probably Tobiah ben Eliezer, author of the aio npb mo,
a Midrash on the Pentateuch and the scrolls, who lived at
the time 2 . Michal Yenimts (p. 28, 1. 4) ; Ben Ahron (p. 28,
1. 5) ; R. Nissim (p. 28, 1. 6) ; Ebjatar, chief of the school of
Tripoli (p. 28, 1. 9), who speaks of some miracles in Salonica,
are unknown to me. R. Eliezer hag-Gadol (p. 27, 1. 29)
is perhaps identical with his namesake at Mayence, and
Tobiah of Thebes (p. 28, 1. 28) perhaps not identical with
R. Tobiah (p. 27, 1. 31 ; p. 28, 11. 2, 11). We see from this
letter that there were Jewish congregations in Roumania
1 MS. in the Bodleian Library.
3 See Buber's preface to his edition of the Lekach-Tdb (on Genesis and
Exodus), Wilna, 1880.
EGYPTIAN FRAGMENTS 27
(Roumelia, p. 28, 1. 26), one of which was at Salonica. The
Black Mountains (p. 28, 1. 12) and the land of the Khozars
(p. 27, 1. 19) are mentioned. Possibly one of our readers will
find the clue to this mysterious oracle. The vertical lines
mark the end of the lines in the MS.
onmxn aan n . . . I bx nana jvvb nrbtt
t& p'xnjn ii :" ni3B»no ij>t xi> nm | :im pxa mm sunn
ijt£k nan | d»pro ropn nac « '•ana wnx iyn bx pun | xtaru
orpjai arrow dj? on d^x '■abx | • ynb iddd px!> dnaacxn ixai
I [dnjimm a^iart arte a^xm * pi:6 wn^x axapi | aai»» b ajn
anoixi a'oijn anxyi | aarapDi aaTia annrn hd^ an^ anoixi
I mxa lbru nnjn 1:6 aninp inn nn anac | a^rom a'aienrt na
E»X1 aJIE^ Dn^D 13X I pxi 1DDD px nj) d^HlXI fflOlX WXTI ^13
I a^xa urux rum aaann^ iab ub ncxi | aaino xy nnx
nai i3\-6x a^p *"ma an»[ix] | ijxi a^xai d^bto urate nt Sn
anaapxri «^e> | nypai annxn a^a^n ^x &i\n inna | npxh
px na ^im nap wn^x nox* tx pun | vbom ^xnty pxa a^ia
aipon (?) pa mpnxai | niuyna • » bx »bm wu m^npn bi | '«
pxi anayn nano ^x mSnp npy runt? | noxeo la^m mnra^x
2 n:wE> jtwna pxo | an '^ dx a^acn ay niniru dx a^ynv | ux
3ina3 I ainaco imaru x!> pxnjn muDDipDx^xa | a^ana dj; rr6e>
niSnp rwDJDDipfob 3inp[e>] | pros aip»a rwtMDDipi'xa am aa^x
in^x 3 ixa lctan | "" nrna ua nnion trx i>xun nana | rap nuap
xh ux x^ oubv t6i ii &y npy I T"> a uai nana wb rtai
no aanua yai> tm bax | • aunui • auonnn t6x rwtMDDip | ^np
a^ra^n I a^njn amm a^uaax lxac cnnpn bnpa | n^p^i^a mnaty
nanni D'-Dnvo dwx ^y | di^na xh ^aa ^irf in^x n^wt? na'Di
nty^x i ^y n^Ji Dmrpm'* D^nyn dnuoty dc itn | Dmarai ninix
1^ jru D«JDaxn | •ncxi ni^xai hnan ntji^x i p nnvT | i bw ua
DDin ••ai' I d^njjn itjih n^pui^a vrnty dTiaion | nnua bx ntao
iT>ai I nnx nno^ri 5 n?;2' n^aiD wan da | nax^o i?ao dnin^n i^oana
1 MS. rt. 2 So MS. 3 So MS. wii?
4 Verso, in margin ; headed ntra.
5 Text Ti'ttW ; the end of note headed ntPC.
28 THE JEWISH QUARTERLY REVIEW
irm woipoo nim dt? nvn | cnwib .'WDJODipbx bx nmna rrwx
nirox | ia ainai maio wan -ww anan ntni | min nn ia
mn»n m n^n iai i^bx | rbu innx oai woipoa vn qvibioi
wan anaa nx"iE> ctap^v. ^ ,D iw | (two words crossed out)
!TW I rrpviibtya nw ">ann pnx in bx^o nrbe> frya | rraic
bxa^o nn win jni" 1 D'd^ i cm | wya ntni npanai wy wa -my;
Dnjpo | wti ub xno ff.n dxs? anan pcna npb xbi | matya ntpy
an na^ cxi w 13 -inna ub | maru niyi nana wexnt? ca'bx
deb 1m I fWtMDDip bnp '•bx Dbaxno jo cniao ana | pan nnnx
ub ixut iwn xb ibw d3i bny.n | ffib nn nw anan »ni cbok n
nnio n fo | onna bap3K> dmpo «s nypm dma dn 13 | n pens
n^p^bea nw bmn wn by | cnoin tixt? nianpn mbnpn joi
i Dnix I ynv ncxa npn pxb ny dninn nx d^bnyn | d*xw iw
wib^ nnntw nn xb "jbob | yocwi bn> naioi dj i"?.n xb dx&' d^Di
d^eoyi I nbubu xba bna noaa onw dn nyeni l cbai nw "
■ T ■ '
I d^iipD dn no otiv urate pxi d'tenj? | wx naxboi nin^boa awvi
loxy pob^n nyen bax | uwon dnaa nann nba* xbe> dnnano uxi
inao I n^puibcn nrn nob onw ^x obia dnoix | bnan poaxm
dnxi onb jwb dnx bar xbi dnb nny | ncp "jboni da'DMi da'na nx
naen Dabc? | n^on x^ 13 mob nnna 13 dnbin dnx px | pny
nawna « bs «3K> lorox dj bxb | naen dnnano wn px bxb
d^pih I '•^oni' y^ dnnxi dv baa coix naini | nipnvai nwyna
n^p'oib^b^ nyioc^n uyotw J onipi dn^nuiiya n^nm dnnnoi nipbo
rvyybw by \ d^ynv wn xbi d^nyn dji dnini nioibn | d'-xn vn
nnx nxnt? ny dna dnyu w«n xbx | dnnanb d^oxo u^n xbi diba
vtspm I n«3on ni^np ba 13 yoe>; xb"^ diip 101b na | ;na niiT
xac? ny n^i « , X3ib' dn "3 wnoxi | u oiyai iixx 1 ; dtsnsi nw^ibtra
n^p^ib^a I DTteioi ninix mm nn an3 xnm Da"n jo | n^aio
no ban dsb n^i de>b n^aio xni | mm 00 d^vapno nib'np nnnxi
oaaiD' 1 '' | dx irnx nnyi jnan mmn nxit^ dibnn xxji | nxii yotfty
ynvi yocc no d-yiv wnoxt? | ntnn mitrai nyiot? daoy w dx bxn
n^oj I woy #yn dxi d^yivi dnyoci> dnx dJ na^n | tfxn o^nx
dnyot^i ffjnv dnx no wb una nnDn
EGYPTIAN FRAGMENTS 29
onnano «k pni | wik yoc itan i^ax "a ofa nnsn iw (verso)
d^ tail naitpna v^np bs ipm^ | Miiaa htso ana sia 11 dni
orao "on ijwi I ta^na npah " Dima mjr6 larni aio -tat? | Dai>
■ow I ai-6 my 13 nvja^xn ni^"nn Wfcm | rwn in onc^ ni3nb>
jox wnyai | cia^a I?. 11 bun) ioe'a'' rax ynv
2 b 6 I pD^ ail no ^naion inn ^vko anan it
m I p dd orao ain wan -ww anan n (verso, in margin)
yi in^s
The following document was copied by my learned
friend, Mr. Schechter, from a MS. in roll form, preserved
in the University Library of Cambridge. It contains data
concerning the Nagid Meborakh (J. Q.R. VIII, 555) who was
greatly favoured by Al-Afdal 3 , King of Egypt (p. 35, 1. 12
from below), who lived in the years A. D. 1096-1121. The
MS. is much damaged, and it is doubtful whether the order
of the document is rightly given by us. The missive is
full of poetical pieces and biblical verses, so that the real
document is short. But we see by this the style of such
documents coming from Egypt. It will perhaps show the
political relation between Egypt and Constantinople, which
was represented by a Patriarch (p. 35, 1. 2 from below).
Recto.
...... nn , n'> nmax
nima onja ci-ov cma yva
mnnaa ysm *pn epn f>rn
mncn mna Dip did dt apo
ninina vb mans many niaiai
ni»\3B>» nio*3» nioroi
niniaj msntpi ni^nsi moa
nimoi^ ind Tiaf^ -naai nini
1 MS. pinion. 2 Crossed out in the MS.
3 According to Arabic sources, Afdal had the principal management of
the kingdom under Abu-1-Kasim Ahmad.
30 THE JEWISH QUARTERLY REVIEW
ninptsa ... 0) mx nii'po awia
nin^D pDipa niswni nienpi
nw6n ,jn nin» i>y " nnai
(t) nnnu nwi
.... myiT pnna
roniN3i trnawa niDoa
nwatw csj b!> tpaui cain nn^
nmacai D'tnrui mina
nuviy . . . i>inc6i i>ina •bz hmi» ^nai
ninwo i^at? n^y i^mnS*
. . . niohy nrwi mxo b6b>
(?)mn*»y t^ urns!* i»rani> -ioins
ninma mna . . . pnah p"\~\zb
ronine> mne> nrrn? 1123 . . .
mnoa . . . ano mxa nnsp *ra
ninvun naiy ninioi »nhs T31
rums onniN iw -ib>n
ninem Tin b nwo uisn
mrooo rocN imp* s6i ita
(?)nmmn nwa lya* sh u^
roma rw DrvnunK iw iaiy
ninjy rroy Ttpynh -wani>
ronvjm nam dtix^ dtih^
mman mnW nutwn nxs ny^>
nmie> nywn '•j^yoo fitwa cd
ninaio m!>ta arts tdt!>
ninuya mx ^ana tomb
aaccx tnx ^ana ncxa
nans ninuya
nniDN Diiito ie'n tsnipn ni^np ^n
nna a^n car woo onios
nnyu "woi ca^DD on» ona
nna n^> ibtoi c'nab onyu
EGYPTIAN FRAGMENTS 3 1
ancia npb *3 jiDvn 310 tax 11 ana
ansn iWm a-nm p3Tnb an»ia
ann mD3 !?x mi» a^aicK amn
anyn insoo Tia 'o 10b yrv am
annroi d^bo arvKaiK* *asi (?)Snp anyn
anai b^k b5>b6 nn^a annwi
(?)an? D3 . . . ibdd p&6 mh anai
(Oanoit wi lysts^ am isjn* ant
amn "03 t« wi a^ix anon
anenn nywn yjjoo D*B3i anin
anio e>toe »3 nuio nmtn anew
amno nnb annsn biikd amo
anv Dy a^pi? amtj'x a^piT anino
antr -inaco -\k>n^ a^n anr
Dnoi3 jro anntn 3in ^ amr
am *jibb& nuicn penao an»i3
anoint anyt? -v iyv anma ana
anani> nmv pw ^pn^> ^3 anoint
antapo tryD3 D'piu maws anani>
annara anix na bi itrv (?) aws anapo
amya mnx rmni> ansaata
ansia urwn , t i i»y amis aniya
an'-yc rmpm nnao^ ttai^p anvia
amo «h nioi>V3 nmn ••am an^yc
amy nny an axi ib-w nw anno
any rowa y3^i np3i jnvd amy
anas w an^pini await? any
Dnena anan av iDp 11 anas
anas -iNa^> iW>nrp nvcnp anpis
anx a"avv3 anaiai aniyta anas
an3p na a^swi a'avyn arta ans
anp traa ^y a*»3 iaa-n inns' 1 an3p
ann nin^ns a^yani* nix^n anp
32 THE JEWISH QUARTERLY REVIEW
anye> wo cpiu car ann
anxin a*aa '•a insc anye>
anan wn "fa o^aiDD ^aan anxin
'31 D^aiDO 1JB1$>N DN3
• am pxa annn • win trip nu ya • mmpn mfopn ncn
(?)nain ana ae> isioa ie>x tunaoinp ntopan naitan i*y mm
• naaai narrn ' naan^i a^a^ w • naitan yob "110556 • nanso a^iy
• naiN^na nrvn * naw r\)b:b) * nawn ~\Dnb • na^ani? iw ^o ama^o
nnionp^ • rnpai> dk» tjmra • ruo-ine a*n»x3 • naayno avno
caa noan * naitann poNnni * naipy bio * name rviwnb * na^n^
nmenn • na^pa "^ooa • naitwim nbmm * namno manna • naw
rntoi ' naaai naovi * naa^ n&oinm • nawii> ni^pm • namni?
nnn ik^di • nawn bph * nana ansa * raws msrb • na-iyoi
'oina • nany^ miff nnaoi • naroi naf npnb • nsyrfan "ob • (?)na^aa
'^ nanyi
• 'ai mvp nnao
nionya nwoi . nvo ^araa roeita
moa i>y Tpnb . nioinn naoo
metn nniD'o . mown y&nb
room na ta» . meiriD niavmi
iron ^an^> . mon mmi
nionpn itnnrvi . niopaa yaw
mohan maa^ . nionam nmoni
moi>y n»B>a . niocNn aipoi
niop-6 tavi . nioaip io«pm
moip ninaaa . niiobiv niaain
moixyr6 nx^nani . nio 1 ^ nyiwii
'ai nj&ren m Tion 'oik a"pi>
'ai 'k>031 a6t5> niaa 'oy a^i
aniw anna aipo * am a^o naiy * ntj>yo w aariK ^nyacn
at5>n daix JV3X cciyn • nooi • n^yo niNasa int? *o an" 1 >am
aa->yi> (?)iata a^oan iyot5> • an6y niDa^ may jnin$> niw bna
bjik wan '•awn »mo« aa^ao nae>n «^ * naia nayaa (?) m a^n«D3
EGYPTIAN FRAGMENTS 33
vb Tttoai • '■np'u vb ^na jn ippity ipEH3»i V^ ''P 360 ,3 ^
masi nB> ^a."& tyio "by Nip ' * t '•a nwp '•a *iixd "6 ts • ynap
rohat^n i^D3 • co |ye>D 5>ai on^> jytpo b nsytwi tyro *a»o -vorb
Dijaa roy-6 scan ruinj& \ja^ tv nn • ni^D ^>y -raiaa -pn atsm
Tiann 'o • bx '•b ^y i^sm • cosm oniaa nvao bo • cstiw eip^i
o • natn Tijnt new nyo^ nam * nanxn ^ax own irT 1 • twitm
ibis no '•jin 13 • jnw baiN nam ma nbrvro yn sai wp aio
jvsa dn ntiiT m nriDso dnd.t • voix vtb sniy 'w nan new nns
new jNsn Dyo ne>D3 ns $>yi * tono i3i> jw wan jnno t^ nby:
13 • atrn -loiK p«i nam ^vo jw tab vn i»w *6i jtnrr p3ip
n\jN i&wn * D^Na n^ nowi nrb tirb ormv in*" 1 nyn !>n njn»
hna rva ba npyrn na^pn '•a ^n »ws onT itreo t6i • Dn3B> 10a ai»
Verso.
'31 bai virr mini i 331 ^^ vq owy ^ n »N [ ]
"3i jyob nan nx am y>-\ \a& niN3v « prn tban
cpipy b^ qiqbb'di « nip-nt rwy
'31 Q^pitfyb Daw n»»y
'31 cam !?y i*?an "ie>na -ib>k!> inv oniDt6 ids!?
■anta miy nt?3^> tiik « ncc "o jy ^y d^n * nn
'31 nnn dw ntrt* ovitpyn ba nx nxnxi 'on Ton
D^u^i? anp^ ab natwb danl>
nip npa onioxh mm
'31 ^ }in n3^ Nllp^
nwiaa oniDN k*»o nn^a o^rv awe d^n^N
Nb rrao TDN i3D»D N^ni? nmy ao'y mpa^
'31 ^y *t>dk nioSvi yvr\ *aw
* 13 )>n qio ii3D in'DN ""nn^ inns ona nx D3
1^ 3*B>N TWO Tito DVn D3 HipnH n">DN \VWlb U1B>
'31 T3a Tmiyi anas insSo ntrp mini ^ ^a^ i 3
'31 jyo^ jdti Tniay mm
'31 3py T>nx Dono
'31 ntfN 11 ibiw noN 1 ' '31 3py ..." ma 'a
VOL. IX. D
34
THE JEWISH QUARTERLY REVIEW
'ai fDTi wai jibv niy '31 'NO QX3pN [ ]
'ai nspa "jma mm d« '31 'vih '•on paxb new
'31 122b nx *• tai '31 yrbx « -jsnm
'31 IDE' ri1N35f * W^MU 'ai f>3 DN T""^* " f™1
'31 TIB3 '•O 5>NnB» mnE>x
'31 >f? naaE> ayn ■new
'31 '•KIP t33K>e 'HOIt? n{5»N
i>y '•jnir Danew
'31 nynn 'jnv dyn ntsw
nyici nanna tnn6 d^anei
nyin nana oy d^enbi
njn tbvk ana Nsen &6 '•a
nyioE> aiaa anon d"wi
njwi nh«3 dmoa cwi
'31 njn arrbt* nawn t6
'31 'b6 orb nw vas^e H a
Dan'' 1BT i?N iptn BHN1
aanhya^ nac »* *a
a^men b daaa^ pexn iptn
da^rsa TiinKi v^o yicK* iyefc>
'31 inii wan Tn naiy b ca^N t6
nyic?n nan ?ip arnica nrx
nyen ny ba mm* dnain
njn nya icw $b
nym nean d^pao dm
nyma qidb' noi3 aW
♦ nyiD nyoD anetyi
vwwan *b niv npa '•a
viuai *33 "hw pnnm
• lining B*enm
• iniSTii myi
♦ Tiiiw itavyi
♦ *nince» myi
• viro lawi
Tllta 13*31
T»n3N nanni
wb ntai
*ninmx m3i
"ni^an anDi
tudd mm
Vines leom
viyiss" v£k ^n '•a • vimh in3aai
vnexya ctn rbv dnee
'31 svn* *e d^yno dy ^ dip* na
■'nun iyw
vnao N^am
viiovy naci
wp n3nm
vnme awm
vwaa inaen
Tiiaia imyai
EGYPTIAN FRAGMENTS 35
'ji "b nmry « "kb
'ai Ti3 awn " vw
• Tiipiva nDno • Tin^ rnry • TVtfvyi> aatw
• Tiiyon nnnii • Tiiaien nm • ti13ie>d ndt 1
* Tvon anii ♦ 'rnyie* ptvi • tw ywi
♦ tibp nx nna*i * Tii3a> m aw • thdpj aipn
' wimn -onh • vnnio -iBDi>
vnm: tta&i * vnmn niT\nb
-iiDsn nana
■£ d^n ni^ya "jnu wax
•n-u
•6 1x3 ^b 1311 tibe> rea new
deoi mm rar rarx •£
'ji to mm q^k ty tu
'at » rvo nmna
rnra naea -onto • Nips d^k aa^x
nimh tan rnrya ♦ rmi npixo yiobo
rnriD D3^y vc ♦ muj ny icy icw
inpn n3D3n i>njn pixn anno ibob rrw> wn »a tab toni
naio niB>y!> 12b jdm top jtid*i 3iD3 ithc np tw ^hbk b«
vproi v6aN0i rarai myi iTinen iTinyiN by tun jnsi • voy ay
»r>tyM may »a iNJpn • nxd n^> 13 )iyi mro wb^ tvvii • vnatai
^y mi* a^ixm cj^en ith ♦ wei> ion hdh ^yi . vnora t6k
• nmpan '•d' 1 ik3 its** iy • an» yoe" n s n xh BTjya noa anra
TiincNi nayi ^arro Tjoa "nwii «m»ip» wool • htJ eoiya »jw3M
tinv any 101x1 rrnyi any winboi yioo bi twji • y«j»p bi
has k^ jyo^ ns'ss iaia Tina nr b nx not? aiew anyi *ok |D3d
yiNtwii vaata "^on wij n^> nxr bsi 13 i&ym • *3*ik ova
r6xn anain nnxi • Don Mien * pro spn nDn "]bo Kin ^a inii' , e>3
$>n ansoD n^n ie>N , >5iK' i "ioa!ii3 tin njhi i»iy b«s nrn ibvn b"U
nsyi ancn i>yo it nx at^i l^on n^e> ay n-ayw njtf3 whjodip
D 2
36 THE JEWISH QUARTERLY REVIEW
D^anh onvrn h n« pmni> nrn hyn t^tm yya ao^ * itan
Kani T»Dm p'H* nay b»n nrn hun ^cn "oa^ m5> n^ni • niatan td
D'ntjn ib> i»e> Ofc*i pi "piao lean VTiyjD n\n iW> pym nam
nTn yikd^ ~iy inann* nvii imaboa -ib>n ^job* ya i>y -it? injnai
anai • ijnr hi> oita nam i»j£ aita tnn nnrca n»ina i>joe* h>
Tiaa nb imoai ow yaen }pt nvi •o * voy ^n tnnueS> epto wnwiy
ikbo ah i>tnB»» iiaa h* xmn ova n»m ua D«pn3i • ^bntyo
• iniDa niaho
nonji pBTu h nno eph
ioboi yu -ie*t piY h
ioi> &6 bin * "by nnn pa-ito
nhro jva ■'nyao
D'hyn nwa njn^yni twiB^a nua njnopm yi nth ne>n no -itswai
dtw.-6 ixyn ,, i iid on^y ionjn bsmo w^i bats* !>y D'awn iprravi
• Ninn ova "ik»^> iv ba,w hi 'ui no d^naai iab pok • Diat&
Ta aim 'm ioya 'n v\x nm ona D"pn3i on^y trhyn t laani
mnao d^bon nyaix i»p fa nnsi • dt nnn uuai on^aw cwnh nu
yn sai nan xm nai nM onwi> hnai 31bti mx b»n nnDi ^-ib"
Dity &6i irnah woo ottbi hyn tytwi b nryni' Dnyais wni
'ao aina ana ik»di • noxa lmtop k$> n ijtiidb'n ana vby &rbx
pjnaNn $>k mana Nin '•a 1001 njn ia b» &6i m una ntn hyn
mi) * 'Dijn crnana -ib>k onvo ih> -naya* d^Brvai }y:a pxa -ib>k
, nN' , »DiiDB'''K T'ya taaic ts«K nua ma^^'i 1a ^ ^oa n^c t> by mis
Daityn nua anan na -pbm ts^sn ih Qnsoi> na*,»Dn imaa ^n
B«Nn b can' 1 ') n^na min Tin anan taawn hni icNai
D.
A fragment of a letter against Ben Meir, perhaps from
S e adyah Gaon (see Jewish Quarterly Review, VI, p. 493),
beginning missing. The author heard at Aleppo that Pen
1 These words are crossed through in the MS.
EGYPTIAN FRAGMENTS 37
Meir thought of proclaiming defective the months Mar-
heshwan and Kislew. The writer of the letter warns Ben
Meir not to proclaim his opinion, for he has made the
calculation that the two months are complete, which
he intends to prove. The author continues as follows:
I returned to Bagdad in the belief that Ben Meir had
accepted my calculation, but it was not so. The writer of
the letter sent out letters to many congregations with the
consent of the two heads of the schools (Sura and Pumba-
ditha), as well as the chief of the captivity. Otherwise
Israel would eat leavened bread on Passover, and eat,
drink, and work on the day of Atonement. The text
of the letter is preserved in the Bodleian Library, not
yet classed.
^hyi >bb nan • bv\ bx Wio meai • \)mn bx jiono Tiabi
*r6x "i pv yy *im» run xb) a'oa -\n: xb • m&n ds-ot p 'nab
mm by) Turcot? ana anpa woai orwa wiiton$> nWx i?y
ttok oa^N Tianai awn w ypo >n»npn • pta nyotwn nyi»t?n
i»js?» dsdn mawi wto bi MBTTp imty nbun two nruK "pinai
at?in ■V'nd p "a viyot? a^na Tivna -iayt? fV n T 1 ^ ,3 03jmni>
p rot?yi> rvn?ni> nnax noa vbx Toroi pDn iS»Dai p,t?mo ?nani>
p»S>t? non Dyta nt '•kb ii> "ixah p»hi> nen '•a uyninh
nNa -it?x *iy * b*p '•a ni3D titti maa tiyt>i ^n Ti3t?i
>oan UTiia-i b i^naa nst bi port nrian ^ maaa nyiwn
by na^na x^ onjnnn ' nan^ ohyo m n^ moa •o nia^n
lab ••a nyiin^ nicipcn ba -it?x ^N-ity b bx iana nrrnna p
* p niK>j£ Tibi> wmni> ip^y b npi^n wa pxi • nrn -b*ia pit?
n^ 13 nia^a ~it?K wman b uni p-iDn Brian »a w yw «h
una p S>yv • nabs N^>t? onyi» man^ nwa nnxia *6i nrvna
n?to mi uvnp in-ity nhan cni »a btow nx y>*nnb nioipcn ba
pit? cnrobm D^oann bi ttaiban bi • uaat?D DaDrr 1 d^3 • nia^
pis psi • npii>n uya pxi ^ea noem pob> n»n <a • nm na*ia
dhtii-un tin cenn '•at? ppD inrbw) * wnama nms ptn ntw p«i
ntNi DaiDj? b n»yi nsipi wapn Dsna nny viisn ima oa^N
38 THE JEWISH QUARTERLY REVIEW
!?yi bsrw dy bv mini «» niDnW> ^n TONai nan^n anaja to
ova nat6» w ja\m jtato bi * nDaa pen ibtp W» ™ r6ro
-rcw ^aa imb$> itsnai D3t $>y nwn n^vun ropnn iTnm omasn
wyi i>ah rani> bi^ urn dSTiiWi da^am dao^c dy ie>jjn
pjidi r6nn nan 11 dsoi^en e»to b*k 1133a write
POSTSCRIPT TO PAGE 29.
Mr. Schechter informs me that amongst the Egyptian fragments
in the possession of Mrs. Lewis, — one of which is the fragment
identified by him as part of the original of Ecclesiasticus xxxix.
15 to xl. 6, and since published by him with an English transla-
tion and copious and learned notes (see the Expositor, July last), —
lie found a contract in which Meborakh is mentioned as Nagid
under the date of 1098 A. i>. I hope that this document will be
published by him, together with others preserved in the University
Library at Cambridge '.
A. Neubauek.
1 See p. 115 sq. below.
